Window



(No Model.) 3 Sheets Sheet 1.

G. W. KEELER. I

WINDOW Patented Nov. 26, 1889.

WITNESSES.

.41; ATT

(No Model!) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. G. W. KEELER. WINDOW Patented Nov. 26, 1889.

WITNESSES.

N. PETERS PhnIo-Lxlhugranhun Wa hmglon. D. c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3'.

G. W. KEELER. WINDOW.

No. 415,94 Patented Nov. 26, 1.889.

WITNESSES: INVEIVTOJ? M 7 Y ATTORNEY N. PETERS. Photollilmgmpln Washmgluu, D. C

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

lrEORGE IV. KEELER, OF TRENTON, NE\V JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO MORRIS EBERT, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

WINDOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 415,946, dated November 26, 1889.

Application filed February 9, 1889. Serial No- 299373. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Beit'known that I, GEORGE IV. KEELER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Trenton, in the county of Mercer and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in \VindoWs; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it. appertains to make and use the same.

My invention is designed for the purpose of affording a means for gaining ready access to the outer surfaces of the sashes of windowframes from the interior of the apartment in whose walls they are located, so as to enable the said sashes to be repaired or painted, or the window-panes to be cleaned, or the like,

with facility and without inconvenience or danger.

To the accomplishment of this end I have devised a construction readily adaptable to the ordinary forms of sliding sashes in general use, the devices employed permitting both the upper and lower sashes to be swung inward horizontally from a common pivotal center, and the connection between the sashes and said center being such as to prevent the sashes from sagging during this movement and such as to take up readily all strains to which they may be subjected while being operated upon.

It is characteristic of my invention that the main portions of the hinging devices are removable from the window-frame work after the sashes have been swung back to their original or normal positions, and, except when in actual use, are not present to mar the appearance of the window itself. Moreover, the removable main portions referred to, constit-utin g the only parts of my invention which are of material expense, may be applied to any one of the entire series of windows throughout a building, provided said windows are furnished with the permanent minor auxiliary attachments necessary to co-operate therewith, and which are of comparatively slight cost. In this manner therefore all of the sashes may be manipulated in accordance with my invent-ion in succession by adjusting to each window in its turn the Fig. 1.

same suspending-hingesa capability of ob vions advantage in point of economy.

In carrying out the invention I have embodied the same in a simple, durable, and economical arrangement of parts, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the shape and configuration of the several elcments, however, being capable of being va ried within wide limits tosuit different forms and heights of sashes without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents, in perspective, a window of an ordinary construction provided with my invention. Fig. 2 represents a vertical section of the same. taken on a plane indicated by the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. 'Fig. 3 represents a vertical section taken on a plane indicated by the line 3 8 of Fig. at represents in detail, partly in section, my preferred manner of removably connecting the forward end of the hinge device to the stop-bar of the window-frame. Fig. 5 represents in front and rear elevation the cam-plate forming a part of said connection. Fig. 6 represents in side elevation the removable fastening-button. Fig. 7 represents in perspective and side elevation my preferred means for sustaining the sash-cords when the invention is in use. Figs. 8 and 9-represent, respectively, on an enlarged scale in elevation and in plan, the hinge-plate forming a part of my invention; and Fig. 10 represents the guard-plates for protecting those portions of the sashes which receive the hinge-pintles.

Similar numerals of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views.

In the drawings I have illustrated an ordinary form of window-frame 1, provided with the usual parting-strip 2, front and back stop-bars 3 4, and verti call y-slidin g upper and lower sashes 5 6, having counterbalancing weighted sash-cords 7 8, connected in the customary manner to the sashes by means of sash-cord holders located in grooves fashioned in the vertical edges of the said sashes, as indicated, for instance, by the sash-cord holder 9 and groove 10 of Fig. 1.

At one side of the window-frame the front stop-bar 3 and parting-strip 2 are divided 39, registering with the aperture 17 of the transversely, as shown more clearly in Fig. 3, so as to permit the lower portions to be removed when the sashes are to be swung inwardly. At the right of Fig. 3 I have shown the lower portion 11 of the front stop-bar in detail It will be noted that it is provided with a basal pin or projection 12, adapted to fit within a step 13 of the base of the windowframe, and at its top it is slightly notched at 14, so'that when in place it may be readily and securely locked in position by means of the revoluble retaining-hook 45, attached to the frame and capable of being turned into the adjustment shown in dotted lines in Fig. 8.

Ata distance apart equal to the height of one of the sashes are arranged the upper and lower double hinges constituting the principal part of my invention. These double hinges consist of two plates located at right angles to each other, the vertical plate 16 being provided at its forward end with a perforation 17 for the passage of the shank of a clamping-button and at its rear end with a slot 18 and notch 19, the slot being adapted to engage with a headed set-screw 20 in the back stop-bar or the notch wit-h a revoluble I locking-hook 21, according as the particular hinge is used as the lower or upper one of the pair. The horizontal plate 22 is preferably cut away at 23 to save metal and is circular or quadrant-shaped in general contour at 24. At the geometrical center from which the quadrant is described is located a pivot pin or pintle 15, and upon this pintle is pivoted a swinging rectangular arm 20, provided with a projection 27, overlapping the portion 24 and having the pins or pintles 28 29 integral with it.

The lower sash 6 is provided with steps or recesses 30 31 in its top and bottom rails, said recesses being adapted to receive the pintles 15 of the double hinge, and the upper sash 5 is provided with two similar steps or recesses 32 33 and 34 35 for the reception of the pintles 28 29 of the swinging arm. The recesses in all of these instances are faced with countersunk protecting-plates 36 37, provided with angular apertures, as shown, said apertures being formed slightly oblong to insure freedom of movement and prevent binding upon the pintles.

It will be apparent that the top and bottom double hinges are counterparts, except that they bear to each other the relation of rights and lefts. WVhen used on the opposite side of the window to that represented in the drawings, it is obvious that their relative positions will be transposed.

The double hinges are at their forward edges secured to the window-fran1e through the instrumentality of cam-plates and clamping-buttons of the form shown more fully in Figs. 4, 5, and 6. The cam-plates 38 are each countersunk in the face of the front stop-bar 3 and provided with a rectangular aperture double hinge communicating with a recess at the rear of the plate. Upon the rear surface of the plate are formed cam projections 40 41, at right angles to the length of the aperture 39, and a clamping-button having a milled head 42, shank 43, and spur 44 is adapted to pass through the aperture 39, whereupon, upon being turned to the right or left, the spur will engage with the cam projections 40 41, thereby clamping the plate 1C to the frame with a pressure dependent upon the degree to which the button 42 is turned.

In practicing my invention I proceed as follows: Assuming the window to be closed, I first raise the lower sash and insert the lower double hinge by engaging its slot 18 with the headed screw 20 and clamping its forward end to the front stop-bar 3 by means of the clamping-button 42. I then lower both sashes until the pintle 15 enters the recess or socket 31 of the lower sash and the pintles 28 29 enter the corresponding recesses 34 in the upper sash. The hook 21 is then thrown into the position shown in dotted lines, Figs. 1 and 2, and the upper double hinge is thereupon inserted by engaging its notch 19 with the shank of the hook 21 and permitting its pintle 15 to enter the recess or socket in the top rail of the lower sash and its pintles 28 29 to enter the corresponding recesses in the top rail of the upper sash, whereupon the hook 21 is thrown back to its original position, locking the outer end of the double hinge, while the inner end is locked by means of the clamping-button 42 and its camplate. The retaining-hook 45 is now revolved into the position shown in dotted lines, Fig. '3 and the sect-ion 11 of the front stop-bar removed. The lower sash is thereupon swung inward upon the pintles 15 for a distance sufficient to enable the lower section of the parting-strip to be removed. The upper sash is then swung inward, also, until both sashes clear the window-frame. The free ends of the sash-cords are then removed from the grooves 10 and holders 9 and are transferred to the cord-clamp illustrated in Fig. 1 and on a larger scale in Fig. 7, said cord-clamp consisting of a bow-handle 46, ayoke-shaped fixed jaw 47, and a pivoted jaw 48, provided with intervening passes within which to clamp the sash-cords. The bow-handle 46 is then engaged with the hook 49 upon the window-frame, and the sash-cords are thus held securely and their hanging ends relieved of strain, thereby enabling them to be subsequently replaced without inconvenience. The sashes being now freed from the sash-cords may, as desired, be swung either partially or entirely within the apartment, or until both stand at right angles to the window-frame. During this movement the inner sash swings upon the pintles 15 of the top and bottom hinges, and the upper sash upon the same center, thereby avoiding any possibility'of interference. The movement of the upper sash is also guided by the quadrant-shaped portions 24 of the hinges and the overlapping flanges 27, so as to render said movement smooth and uniform. The oblique oblong opening in the facingplate 30 enables the lower sash at the limit of its inner movement to move entirely out of its vertical slide-groove, and the corresponding openings in the facing-plate 37 permitthe upper sash at the limit of its inward movement to stand parallel with the lower sash, so that in no case need there be sharp contacting surfaces.

In their inner position both sashes are prevented from sagging downwardly. Thus the inner sash is supported at top and bottom be tween the inner ends of the top and bottom plates 16, and the upper sash is supported between the extended surfaces of the corresponding rectangular arms 26, which, it will be noted, are integral with the pintles. All upward and downward strains therefore upon either of the sashes instead of being exerted upon the pivotal points are taken up by the plates 16 and arms 26, thereby keeping the bearings constantly true and accurate.

It is evident that by reversing the manipulation above described the sashes after being operated upon maybe replaced in their original position and the double hinges removed and carried to the next window for a similar operation, and so on throughout all the windows of a building, a single pair of double hinges suflicing whether the sashes be arranged to swing toward the right or left. This is a notable feature of economy, and so far as I am aware has never been proposed heretofore. Itwill also be apparent that in those instances where the upper sash is of less height or of a different shape than the lower one my invention may be applied with equal facility, itbeing necessary in the first case to curve the overhanging portion of the arm 26 downward to a corresponding degree to compen sate for the difference in height, and in the latter case to give it a contour conforming to that of the upper sash, all of which ismanifestly within the province of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. A double-acting hinge for the purpose of temporarily converting the ordinary sliding windowsashes into horizontally-swinging ones, said hinge adapted for ready (.letacha ble connection to the window-frame, and having a plate carrying a vertical pintle upon which one sash swings and a horizontal arm pivoted on a center coincident with the pintle which carries the othersash, whereby both sashes may be swung horizontally on the one center, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a window-frame and its sliding sashes, of a removable double hinge consisting of a plate pivotally connected to both sashes from a common center, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with a window-frame and its sliding sashes, of a removable double hinge consisting of a plate pivoted directly to the lower sash, and an arm connected to the upper sash and pivoted to the plate upon the same center as the lower sash, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with a window-frame and its sliding sashes, of a double hinge consisting of a plate pivoted to the lower sash, said plate being provided with a circular periphery, and an arm connected to the upper sash and pivoted to the plate upon the same center as the lower sash, substantially as de scribed.

5. The combination, with a window-frame and its sliding sashes, of a double hinge con sisting of a plate provided with a pivot-pintle entering the lower sash, and an arm pivoted upon the plate-pintle and connected at two points of its length to the upper sash, substantially as described. I

6. The combination, with a window-frame and its sliding sashes, of a double hinge consisting of a plate provided with apivot'pintle entering the lower sash, said plate being provided with a circular periphery, an arm pivoted upon the plate-pintle and having two pintles entering the upper sash, and a guide flange overlapping the periphery of the plate, substantially asdescribed.

7. The combination, with a window and its sliding sashes, of a removable double hinge and locking devices for the ready detachable connection of said hinge to the window-frame, whereby it may be applied to and removed from the frame without the use of special tools, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with a window-frame and its sliding sashes, of a removable double hinge provided with a vertical locking-plate adapted to extend across the sash-grooves, said plate being provided at its outer end with a recess engaging with aprojection upon the window-frame and at its inner end with a clamping-button passing through said end and engaging a cam'plate upon the window frame, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with a window-frame and its sliding sashes, of removable double hinges, one located at the top and the other at the bottom of the sashes, said hinges consisting of plates pivotally connected to both sashes from a common center, and having projecting parts to relieve the pivotal connections from the strain and prevent sagging of the sashes, substantially as described.

10. The combination, with a window-frame and its sliding sashes, of a removable double hinge having pivotal connection to the sashes and facing'plates with oblique oblong apertures, as described, to receive the pivot-pins, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE W. KEELER. Witnesses:

Lnvvrs W. Scorr, WILLIAM W. STERLING. 

